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(    UN  IV  y    } 


LINALPHA 


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Some  Brief,  Varied,  Lineal 
Outlines 


[-,  means  place  of  vowel  indicated  without  actually  writing  it] 

LINALPHA  has  word  signs  or  special  signs  for,  among 
other  words:  "is",  "as",  "his",  "has",  "use"  (uze),  "use" 
(uce),  "was",  "this",  "these",  "those",  "so",  "say",  "saw";  a  final 
-s  -z  for  endings  and  plurals  distinguished  from  s,  z,  in  little  words 
(word  signs),  and  from  s  in  "ous";  a  final  "ous"  as  in  (dangers) 
dangerous;  a  final  cy  (s-);  an  initial  (or  vowel  before)  -s  distin- 
guished from  initial  -z;  and  two  ways  of  showing  initial  s-  (no 
vowel  before); — briefly  a  separation  of  many  things  in  providing 
for  s  hitherto  badly  mixed. 

There  are  separate  word  signs  for  "know",  "no",  "not" 
"in",  "on",  "any",  "now",  "new",  "anew",  "anything", 
"nothing",  "know  there",  "not  there",  "now  there",  "any  other", 
"no  other",  "another",  "neither",  "knew  there." 

There  are  separate  signs  for  "all",  "only",  "include";  outlines 
in  -1  separated  from  outlines  in  1-.  Different  ways  of  distin- 
guishing r-  from  — r,  m-  from  — m,  p  from  b,  p-  b-  from  -p  -b; 
"by",  "up",  "upon",  "before"  distinguished;  u-  f-  v-  from  -w 
-f  -v;  t-  d-  distinguished  from  -t  -d;  a  special  sign  for  "to"; 
another  special  sign  for  "to  the";  a  special  sign  for  "that";  a  th, 
dh  for  parts  of  outlines;  another  th-  dh-  for  word  signs;  a  third 
class  of  distinctions  in  th  dh,  for  less  frequent  words  by  joined 
initial  vowels. 

"By"  is  distinguished  from  all  other  words  in  b,  "and"  from 
all  other  words  in  n;  "other",  "eyther",  "eether",  "author", 
"otherwise",  "authorise",  have  their  respective  signs. 


"Of",  "for",  "ever",  "over",  "very",  "after",  "even",  "often" 
have  separate  word  signs.  Every  preposition  or  word  of  place 
(including  its  variations  for  "a"  or  "an",  "the"  and  "there"),  is 
distinguished  from  every  other  preposition.  "Should"  from 
"shall".  Joined  affixes  for  "ful",  "val",  "fully",  "ively".  "Can" 
distinguished  from  "can't"  and  "could".  "Come"  is  distin- 
guished from  "go",  "came"  from  "come",  "company"  from 
"Co.",  "exp-"  from  "k-sp";  "it  is  not"  from  "does  not";  "is  not'' 
from  "has  not";  "anybody"  from  "nobody";  "write"  from 
"wrote";  "read"  (reed)  from  "read"  (redd);  "writing"  from 
"reading".  There  are  separate  outlines  for  "to",  "at",  "out". 
"Then"  is  distinguished  from  "than",  "been"  from  "upon"; 
"the  other"  from  "that  there";  "accrue"  from  "agree";  "prove" 
from  "approve";  "work"  from  "argue";  "were"  from  "we  are"; 
"community"  from  "unity"  and  from  "comminute".  "Per", 
"pro",  "apper",  "appro",  are  everywhere  distinguished — a  word 
sign  for  "particular",  a  word  sign  for  "opportunity".  "Give" 
from  "gave";  "belief"  from  "believe";  "last"  from  "least"; 
"great"  and  "greatly"  from  "gradual"  and  "gradually";  "grant" 
from  "ground";  "had"  from  "ought";  "find",  "found",  "have 
not"  have  separate  word  signs.  "Con"  from  "com";  they  can 
be  written  as  joined  strokes  or  used  as  detached  vowels.  Sugges- 
tive, not  exhaustive;  "there  are  others." 

(Copyright,  79/5,  by  Robert  Macarthy  Williamson,  20  Walter  St., 
San  Francisco,  California.) 


„     '       -farme.; 
£ 


<T7^&c«j~'rri<riu      ^n  cr&  \  Uri 3  <&**& 

xT 


A' 


yt 


s>\ 


t> 


RULES.  *^£-> 

^Vj.  A  small  hook  (turning  against  the  clock), 


on  a  straight  stroke,  reads  for  -f  ,-y.  as  in 

/> 

^f.^L,  vocalized  for£f,as  in 
—S_S_  --  ^  vocalized  for  •-=•- 

*fi       44&/1S  -£4>W4>  OL^ 

The  hook  is  enlarged  for_  /  ____  ~r>_ 

'Un^K^w  J^u, 

Vocalized  for  rare  word,  as 


i        _f.,       ^ 

The  small  circle  <>  for  *s>«2,and  the 
"big  circle  o  for  -ss.  *sgt  ^zz  final 
She  circle  o  foir  -Sj-z,  final  is  written  om  eitner 
side  of  a  straight  stroke,  to  allow  the  shortestciib 
in  writ  ing;  outlines  or  phrases  »  as  in  -—  *  -~^\ 
•but,  the  circle  cannot  be  always    «~^)^*f  \  *-<^' 
kept;  on  the  same  side,  as  in  _r^_.  .  -^*-  __  ^-B*?  __  also 


to  distinguish  one  sigm  from  another  >x^  ,A  _  j±  - 
Big  circle  for  -sz^  -zzj,  as  in   _ 
(Che  oreads  last,  as  in  ^A^^^^^J^4^ 


_,.  ctU--<  - 

™  %2^CX2  ln-rrB>  •^^S»   le  written  only  on  tha 
left  hand  ^ide  of  thejf._^  _____  F  __/5>  __  ^  ^ 


.. 

.  the  other-  side  bein* 
wanted  for  wunctuation 

circle  mak*a  lineality  and  Breaks  angularity 
-at  .  -st  final  is  xnade  by  a  final  circle 
aa  in 


j  —  6>   A 
X_7__/V\ 

** 

-zd  aa 

^— 
Is  usea  insteaa 


"Wher*  -ns  takes  s  or  st  after;  the  -^stroke  ia 
used,  ex;  ^ 


n   loop  +**  -nt  -n~n»  -ng,  A  final  loop  for 
-n  (showing  that  no  vowel  follows] is  written  on 
ftie  upper  side  or  right;  side  ('  the  test  loininff 
sides)  of  a  straight  stroke, ,ex. O  ~ 

A 

Slr-fr 


1^14/TVjC/VU     (ftykvr\*    / ~*"***     v^'v**  \)         </J>*/Vl^ 

Or  on  the  inside  of  a  cufcve, 

The  stroke  written  half  length  shows  that  t  or  d 
follows  the  -n,  as  in  -^  -~  ?  ~ — s^-a 
Big  loop  for  ~n>-n  or "' 


.. sijjfa)£an>«  To  distinguish  QAff  from  the 

more  f  request  signs  inje,  ^   ^>^^w 
Phrased,  for  ^f    ^X  T"  c-ew  '3^^  &   ^^^sS^ 

c(a  Cct/n  Ve.  CcHMxyvot  dcx^L 


The  -£  after  the  final  loop  is  written^  as  in 


x^> 


After  horizontal  stroke*  (  as  in  Lineal  Alphabet) 
there  is  no  vi  used  for  apf  ssr>«   The  -ji.%»  as 
well  as  being  written  by  loop  and  circle, can 
si_lso:  be  written  lay  <^*i.  e^as  in— Q  (• 


Pinal  hooks  and  also  final  loops.  Notice  v..^v  **_ 
and  j^y^have  final  hooks  and  also  final  loops  fox: 

£L 


£,  The  ho.ok«l 
•>S-z  after  f 


loop  is 

is 
hook  a 


written  after 


* '  ^j  \j  t 

Final  s-,  as  in 
Final  -OUS,  as 
*nal  Is  written 

-oo^v^     gan    Waaol^p0j 

Inal  Hooks,  going^  witli  the  clock,  foirt-n,   d-n. 
•Sxtra  lineal  consonant a£olely  for  word  signXf 

s~*  s-\        S~3  •£&  ^ 


leaving 


XV_/i_  ^.which  are  hooked  and  looped 
orithe_side  going  with  the  clock,   for  t-nf   d>n^ff^ 

A    _jA        A         w\  A ^    A>  A: 


_^-8  followeror  toth  hook  and  loop  toy  "being 
turned  oa  a  loop,   as 


The  sion<\«ls  shaded  for   -n  in    /-^giving  a  joining 
for  phrasing  .It  may  Jbe  urtt%vw^ 

shaded  for   »n  and  -^g  in  a  fe-wrarelnstances, 

Tinal  ^  (en)  and  n-  (ne)   distinguished.Pinal  ^ 
is  wrfc^en  by  a  nook  or  loop  as 


Pinal  f-  TT  is  written 
~fs-v  after  a  curve  / 
L-f,   l- 


-^ov«vi\eY\F~>rn 

jfi». 


"OrdI   fiirrnft    var't%Tnf*.**44    ^»a i 


t  signs  without  final  hooks  or  final  loops. 
To  reduce  the  percentage  of  hooks  and  loops 
;f  or  -n,  ~ng,  and  -n^ny  and  at  the  same  time 
add  to. the  variety  of .lineal  outlinejthe  circle 
is  used  as  follows: 

A 


, 

ctiio- 


written  as 


Pinal  -sioni,  -tion,  -salon,  ^  a9_±±_      -=*_     ***"-• 
„      _  <j«fitti 

r — ^  TV    ^  ^       ^  si    ; >gv  _     W^'-i,  &.3i    _ 

^<*&t&r£     ^'.    •^fftt£y***W<^lsn.>':™-  nxlic&r*. 


By  vocalizing  infrequent  a^i-..  _ZV  small  circles 
cam  be  usecTin  writing,   |^M^A^t^f^r^, 

N          \  r 


-s-sion  large  circle 


Af  ter  r  and  lesion  -s-eion6.ittle  used). 

*  'V 

except     ^^  __  .  r/\    &.^          _  />  -7 

,  TvUvv/j 


After  word  signs  the  Bios  reada  for  has 
le  -B«Bioa  for  h§yg 


,  gaytion"  .Final  k-tioni,  g-tion,ia  writ 
tea  rrom  rlgti-^olefias, 


* 


tn,  Written  upward,  generally  second 

placeor  final  Give©  initially 
the  word 

aecomd. 


HALVING  for  Jti  d.  and  the.Strokes  are  written  half 
length  to  show  '.Strokes  half 


'^^ 

Nearly  all  word  signs  are  written  half  length  to 
show  that  the  follows:  s\_^  Xf^iy?   ^-<-_rW  -/~-r 
show  t.  d;  eff^/rtfie.,  -$3  ,^~^Lf  ^-  i*~%*.«fc;  **£ 

A  stroke  is  sometime*  halved  for  tl^as  in 


INITIAL  halving  for  sonancy,   TTTI-MAI    /•*•*. 

strokes  arein.  a  few  ins tances, niStteS half "lenstl 

to  show  sonancy,ae,    r^^^~\          r/\"  T* 

"^ocxmtL  ^ro^^  -^occA  L  "^^ro^f 
^  A^cxAfl-  x-1 


Sk-,  s-g,  the  exceptional,  —  initial^eaiai^  final. 

Sk-  "is  writ  ten  _<-f^|  S-g  is  writtea^l^)^,  allowing  ' 

the  lineal^-  _ana..  combinations^-^ 

All  the  frequents  in  ak 

are  written,  ^_ 
Vocalize 


Large  circle 

>S5fei 
Sk  can  he  written  lineally  "by  sh-k,  as 


Sh-t  consonant, --the  more  frequent 
Sh-t  the  circle  on  the  under  side 
of  , the  horizontal  straight  stroke 
It  can  frequently  be  cut  down  to^o 

The  small  circle  reads  for  s, 

extra  letters  for  s,  the  circle' 
goes  on  the  shortest  cut. 
S-a^initial.   s-s  initial 
is 


circle  iQedjally,usea  for  sh^,  also  for  ss.   0 


,ta 


"Cash",  K-sa,  and  exp,   expl. 
The  only  comparatively  frequent  oine  ink-ah  IB 

|  all  infrequent,,  may  "be 


» 


positionedor  vocalized  as 


a,*.  _  A 

^ 


Exp,  exh.  Outlines  in  exp,  exb,  are  divested  of 
unlineality  and  "bad  joinings  "by  "being  written 
as,      —  ^ 


S^c^J^  -- 

The'  circle  in  kskis  on  the  upper  sideof  the  stroke 


The  circle  in 

Summary?  o— _o- 


5^ 


the  under 


0-7 


r 


To 


the  straight  k  stroke  beingjasedfoir  as,  and  to  a 
lesser  extent  for  is  ,  where  it  does  not  clash, 

..^fep1*  iB»  aB  an*  so^  ^^  te  written  by  c 
in  phrase  where  no  ^  clash  with  plural  ending  or 
other-  circled  outline,aa, 


Initial  s-  is  written  in  some  cases  "by  the  dowa 
down<~stroke  curve, 


Con,  com  prefix*Co7i-anGL  com  are  written  "by  down  k 
stroke*,  The  con  or  com  may  "beomitted  where  out- 
line or  context  is  sufficient  as 


w  re  8llowl1  ^  vowel  indication, 
generally,  it  should  not  T>e, 


and  is  here  not  lef*  to  "beguessed 

Uvj&4W&$*n 


C^Si 


Ltfz&WTi  ^  ^Y~<^ 

ro?^^-    o3pi*«^ 

In 'phrasing  the  con^and  com  may 

detached  vowela . 

Initial  loops  for  r,'l,  kr,  gr.iHorisontal  strokes 

are. looped  initially  forr  and  lj as  in> 


v^i-v»r^j^u ^^-^       -* 9 A^^  ^nruL^vtrTno/uJ-Jv   -idixyie. 

feut^o^up'letterft  the  looping  is  for 


Circle  combination  for  kl-,   gl; 


, 


0<2LsJasl 

not  being  needed  for  1-^1 

"Ici-m  is  shortened 


-^*1*  outline  or  phrase*  <<^ 


Initially 


eA^x6-e^  eAt^x^x^iA-xZ^/ 


K-k.  K-k  is  written),  aB 


E-K,  how  writtenr-k  is  written^)  as 


^ 


.     . 


Double  lengthening  or  lengthening,  Up  strokes 

Up  strokes  are  lengthened  for  t  "before,  as,  (~ 
lenthened  fo     r     ~*    ^'       ^ 


X 


^..(^^S  ,.^J*Zg£t!S. 

tTL-Oxx&r-  UrK-arfevA/ 


"t^xAnje^/^ 


ia  lengthened  for 


All  other  _horlao.ntal  strokes  are  lengthened  for 


. 

—  Xv-X 


Ho  down-  strokes  are  lengthened.  Unlinealities 
are  a  snare.  Shorthand,  should  be,  can  be,  and 
here  is  on  one. line  of  elliptic  movement* 


Some  sighs  and  outlines  i£_ 

for  these  words,  and  not 

vocalised^or  a^y  other  words 

V^-T-tfce  preposition;,  has  a  hook  to  join. in  phrases* 
'"*-  Hie  hooked  sign  may  be  vocalized  in  phrase  for 
Initial  hook  for  n.  Before  up  strokes  a 
hook  is  written  for  preposition 
and  is  also  used  in  outlines.  */< 


are  turnedupon  them.are  used  '01 


for  a  straightening 
-m  is  written  as  in 


allowing  the  glide  to  be  used  for. 
^^^  ^^s  The  hooked  m  may  also  "be 

" 


used  to  show  vowel  before,         .  . 
T-n  written  upwards. t-n,t-ng,d-n,  d-ng,  ch-n 
are  written  up  by  ^  ,  as 
also  a  large  number  of 
lines  in  st-n,  stng 


»-»-i  -'  v,          y^         —  ^-^  ._    -^-n  -£/w 

T  after  N  is  writ  ten  5'™^^"^^^ 

To  mark  the  less  frequent  sign  and  to  show  a  vowel 
.beforethe  t  is  written  by  a  vertical  down  stroke, 
as  i' 


an  advantage,  is  hooked  with  a  snail 
ho  ok  for  easy  joining,  ex.,;/- 
The  small  joining  ho  ok 


preserves  the  lineal  movemen^and  very  frequently 
allows  t  to  be  omitted-  tr 
Heads  as  -nl- 
used  only  for-  -teade  as  -nkl-,'0nly  for  &  &- 

M 


j,  and  Rf  how  written.  To  allow  of  signs  in  r,  b, 
and  g^  ^r-em,  1-sm,  d-sm,  are 


written  respectively,  as  in  3- 

Allows kl-m»  gl-m  to  be  written 


All,  -1.  Initial  tick  and  small  circle  to  make 
initialvovrel  in  word  sign  ^^  Initial  Uck  and 

^rge  circle  to  show  -1  in  other  wordsas  in 
H. 


Final  -r,  r-«8.r  ie  in  almost  every,  lf^a 

written  up,  the  only  time  it  is  written  doS  Sing 
rarely  to  distinguish  it 

—  **  ?  ---  "  / 


. 

Final  -r  is  generally  distinguished  from  r-  *>y  a 
hooked  re,  ex.t 


THE  GLIDE  ALPHABET. The  glide  down  stroke  letters 
£or  t,  d,  ch,  j,  and  p,  b,  are  used  after  r,  1, 

s  ia  </r /^generally  writ  ten  as  in 


/T_[Jgenerally  written 

o  a  <4  vt 

as  in 


For  word  signs  the  glides 

the  top  hollows  showing  the  place  or  the  vowel- 


The  Glide  Alphabet  allows  of  the 
-o  use  of  a  largepercentage  of  straight 
strokes,  good  joining  and  lineality, 

WORD  SIGHS  OH  A  CONNECTIVE  VOWEL  BASE. 
The  base  of  shorthand  is  extended  by  the  combina- 
tion! of  Lineal  and  Down  stroke  Alphabet,  and,  still 
more,  "by  the  Glide  Alphabet  —  all  three  so  used 
that  the  totairesult  is  lineal    Outside  of  the 
strictly  consonant  outlines  developed  in  this  text 
book  is  a  Connective  Vowel  base,  drawn  upon,,  in 
writing  the^ost  frequent  1000  words  of  English,  to 
the  extent  of  onlS^^u  m'Tici  outlines,, 


(  Linalpha  has  been  developed  after  a  thorough 
investigation  and  test  of  connective  vowels) * 

Pj  B,  Curved  for  per  (p-r)  and  pro  (pr-Xf\  Q 
PER.  PRO,  BER,  BRE, English  is  a  language^  f^- 
of  two  sets  of  prepositions tnamely,  the  I 
email  separate  words  mainly  from  the  Anglo baxon, 
and  the  prefixes,  like  per  and  preforming  parts 
of  longer  words  from  the  Latin .Prepositional  out- 
lines from  both  these  origins  written  in  the  tra- 
ditional way  make  a  large  percentage  of  descending 
unlineal,  awkward  angularities.  Thie  writing  is 

now  done  upon  the  line,  P-r  is  written*,  as  in 

-•-^          _  v. 


Pro  as  in 


Pr-,  Br-,  followed  by  Bpwhetrokes.L-k,  written  as 
is  never  followed  by  a- Down  stroke, 


a  do.wn  stroke  following:,-^ 
reads  PRO,  PRE,as  ' 


<fc 


-Under  this  method  of  alphabet  and  wmu  ^ 
± nations  an old  style  what-to-avold  alphabet 

outline,  becomes 


Extra  PER.  Three  word  signs_xV  ^_ 

'" 


a  sign  of  extra  combinations  in  f  f  v,  p, 
%  "BEL",  p-i,  b-l."Mammalf"^arely  occurring) 

leaving  for  a  lineal 

«-  ' 


is  written 


combination  in  1 


obtainable  by  vocalizing,  like  < 


-fi-JL. 

LJv~&L- 

a  larSe  number  of  words 


?!-,  bl-generally  initial 


A  small  hook  for  Joining  can  be  used  upon  b  after 
f,as  ^^  .Elsewhere  <-^\<^\  medially  and  finally 

R*  o  •  "u-        _  ^-      «"O 

~ 


treated  as  the  main 
initial  vowel  indication  of  -ft  «-v. 


"of  the"  implied  hy  proximity.   "of  the"  is  shown 
by  writing  two  words  closely  together  "to"  can  also 
he  implied  in  the  same  way^but  it  is  not 
satisfactory. 

P-l,  v-1.  msm,  how  written,  msm  occurs  only  in 
the  phrases  "may  seem"  and  "seems  me"(seems  to  me) 

and  in  rarely  occurring  outlines,  museum,  miasma, 
a2uma,  here  written^    ^    ^      .,- 

can  -hft  written     ~2U  --O>  ^t=«—  *afi  seems.  we.? 
can;  &e  WTI^WJ 

without  clash,ex. 

tt  .p^e/nm 


Mnations  in  1.  »  lineal 

(1  has  "been  in  much  greater  need  of  representation 
than  r.)¥ord 


always 

,  . 

medial  as  ln«uirflr«i?e  or  final: 


^-jfcn 

Extra  f|_vf  used  mainly  as  v,  and  only  in  the 
following  frequent  outlines  :_^--t. 


can  he  omitte 


TICKS.  "Time  is  of  the  essence ".2)etached  Ticke,  the 
time  killers  in  shprthandare  got  rid  of 


Lineal  use*  for  joined  UP  ticks:  The  UP  tick  is 
never  used  separately  ( detached) ;"but,  joined,  is 
xised  as  in  , 


T-m,  d-m,  initial ,  writ ten  as  in 


s  —  -^ 


Ted.  -ted  ie  written  generally  as  in 


A    A  £-"vf  . 

•  •  „./ 1        VI    /v»t*4.j.< 


After  n  and  f  ,  v,  as 


vl 


After  up  letters  as 

" 


.do  no*  follow  the  rule  of  initial  loop 
for  lcr-gr-      ^  tut  ***  *  reduced 


shortened  form  of  -&  /)   The  word  sign 


Ch^j-l.^.A/^tWr  ^>.  /--^r  f^^f 

A///^-/^   ^^le^  *-&&***~$~<3Ui  ^wc^^ferT 


(gi 

¥  0-E  D  SIGN  S 


<vr  .A  ^?v  _     o      o o_ 


"  t^no 


A 

/A 


Oi 

xL 


g>^  m-)  -1' 


2  J«s 


S-otrf 


> 


o 


>-.: 


«»  tio 


r 

^ 


5? 


S? 


s_^        ..     v^. 


cm. 


__  _  _ 
%A^  0X6^^ 


tm, 


/a/ 


»  — 


i  fa  <&*£**& 


r^ 


ATI. 


ot/ny 


.rf       rt  rt 


C 


wi 


, 


(V 


Cnr 


-tp 


,  ot, 


'^rYLt/ 


& 


A   y-^    /7°  /f 


j  Q    ^°      •        — 

l}~  /\ 

°F 


O 


<My 


y^to 


~£  -  ^2  - 

x^  _        ,  l 


XI 


9 


RT^C  WksdU^    /    ^  «^  tfr    0-et  ifojv~t>d '/<u^fi^    c^c^ 

<£  «.  6  ^    ^T^Wc^c/    ^<?t<i<-  "^  r 

^^^k^jZc^^^^^^^^-^^  ^y 

•<,  »4«^C  Acr«rV*y     //  *XH<f'l7      "<*<*-A.        "    ~  ~  "      —  "^t^* 


YC   147' 


